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全网爆火的 “高钾晚餐”，既能助眠又能减脂？医生提醒：这类人群盲目补钾或致心脏骤停_我的网站

A |           　　“高钾晚餐”最近成了网络热词。有人称“高钾晚餐”有助眠效果，甚至能替代助眠药物，有人认为高钾饮食能更好地减重。

B |     

    Francesco Faiola
Editor's Note:
Ahead of the opening of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance, Chinese AI start-up Moonshot AI released its Kimi K3 large language model. As the world's largest open-source model by parameter count to date, this launch marks a significant step forward in the development of China's artificial intelligence models.
From the C919 airliner soaring into the skies to Unitree's humanoid robots stealing the show; from DeepSeek pushing the AI frontier to Moonshot AI's landmark unveiling of Kimi K3 - China's wave of homegrown innovations has dominated global headlines in recent years, delivering a steady stream of breakthroughs.
At a meeting in Beijing that brought together the national science and technology award conference, the general assemblies of the members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), and the 11th national congress of the China Association for Science and Technology in July, Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, stressed that the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030) is a critical phase for tackling tough challenges in building up the country's strength in science and technology.
"We must seize the historic opportunity, rise to the challenges of the times, accelerate efforts to achieve high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology, and make steady progress toward the 2035 goal of becoming a leading country in science and technology," he said.
In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." The article also mentioned that "We should participate to the full in global science and technology governance, contribute Chinese wisdom, and shape a philosophy of technology for good purposes, so that science and technology better serve human wellbeing, and enable China's science and technology industry to contribute more to building a global community of shared future."
In the 27th installment of the special series "Decoding the Book Xi Jinping: The Governance of China," the Global Times, along with the People's Daily Overseas Edition, continues to invite Chinese and foreign scholars, translators of Xi's works, practitioners with firsthand experience, and international readers to focus on the theme of striving for greater strength and self-reliance in science and technology. Together, they share views on China's tech growth, governance principles, and global cooperation in science and technology.
In the 27th article of the "Readers' Reflections" column, Global Times (GT) talked to Francesco Faiola (Faiola), an Italian professor at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences with Chinese Academy of Sciences and recipient of the Chinese Government Friendship Award.
GT: Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance on July 17. He said that as a responsible major country, China is always committed to providing international public goods relating to AI. In the article "Boost Basic Research and Achieve Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fifth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi said, "It is important that we adopt a more open-minded approach to international exchange and cooperation in research to create an open, globally competitive innovation ecosystem." Amid the current complex global landscape, China remains firmly committed to keeping its doors open to international scientific collaboration. In your view, where does China's confidence in this commitment come from?
Faiola: I think China's confidence in staying open comes from a deep shift in mindset. The Chinese people, especially the scientific community, now really believe they are not inferior to Westerners. For a long time, even many people here thought top science had to happen at a Western address. When I first came, I believed that too. The US and Europe seemed like the only serious places for breakthroughs. Now that idea is changing, and moving toward China, because the evidence of leadership is everywhere: stem cell standards, artificial intelligence (AI) efficiency, green manufacturing. It's undeniable. China knows it has everything needed to attract and keep international talent. It's no longer a developing country playing catch up. It's a place that's helping set the global agenda.
That self-assurance is the bedrock of openness. When you truly believe you have unique strengths, like a huge organoid screening capability or a community of scientists who think deeply, you don't fear open doors. You want colleagues from everywhere to walk through so the science moves faster. My own lab works with European centers as equals. That parity is real. But we also know not everyone abroad gets this transformation yet. A lot of people still imagine Chinese science as just following others. That's exactly why China is pushing openness harder: funding lines for foreign principal investigators, open innovation hubs in Beijing, active participation in setting international standards. These aren't defensive moves. They're proof of a country confident enough to invite the world in, show what it can do, and create knowledge together.
On a deeper level, the confidence is also just rational. The big challenges - environmental problem, pandemic preparedness and precision medicine - are global. If China closed itself off, the data and validation its own regulators need would get weaker. So, the open door isn't charity. It's the smart recognition that scientific greatness today gets multiplied when you share it.
GT: In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." From the domestically built large passenger jet to DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics, and Moonshot AI's Kimi K3, China's innovation achievements have been making headlines. How do you assess China's achievements in sci-tech innovation in recent years? 

Faiola: I measure China's innovation success in a very personal way. My parents are old, living in a small Italian town. They don't speak English. They don't understand molecular biology. They can't read a scientific paper. But over the past few years, they've called me up more than once, excited, telling me about a Chinese airplane or a humanoid robot or some AI breakthrough they saw on Italy's main TV news or in the newspapers.
That tells me something deep. These aren't niche stories for tech insiders. They are real global news, landing in the living rooms of retirees who barely use a smartphone. I'm not bragging to them about China's progress. They are telling me. When achievements get that far into everyday European life, it's a sign China is doing something the world finds worth talking about.
The C919 plane, DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics - these aren't one-off hits. They prove China can now conceive, design, and build complex, original systems on its own, whether it's an airliner, an advanced AI model, or an agile robot. That takes deep integration across different fields, aerodynamics, materials, real time control, and AI.
DeepSeek's whole philosophy, doing more with less, is exactly how we created affordable organoid screening tools. And the quiet shift from rule taker to rule maker in chemical safety standards, that mirrors the C919's ambition to compete globally on certification. All this shows China is blending manufacturing, digital smarts, and biology into one force. But my real proof is what I hear from my students. They don't just apply discoveries from papers anymore. They question the assumptions behind them. That intellectual confidence, and the fact it echoes all the way back to a small Italian town, is why I'm sure China will fully seize this moment.
GT: President Xi said that AI development should not be a solo performance by a single country, but a symphony of international cooperation. Having conducted research in China for many years, you are not only a witness but also a driving force behind China-Europe scientific exchanges. Looking ahead, how can both sides deepen complementary advantages and achieve mutually beneficial empowerment to jointly address global challenges such as climate change and health? Over the next five years, which specific sectors should China-Europe science and technology collaboration prioritize?
Faiola: I grew up in Italy and now I lead a lab in Beijing while working with colleagues all over Europe. So, China-Europe teamwork isn't some abstract idea to me. It's how my week actually looks. The old cliché, European basic research plus Chinese scale and speed, is already outdated. Both sides now generate novel insights. The relationship has to become genuine two-way cocreation.
I see three practical things that would deepen it. First, we need truly joint funding: one grant, one integrated team, maybe a Max Planck group and a Chinese Academy of Sciences group, with a single scientific plan and students who genuinely rotate between the labs. Second, we need to harmonize regulations and ethics for organoid technologies. Europe has advanced thinking on governance. China has manufacturing scale and the drive to get things into clinics. If we co-develop shared quality and ethical standards for organoid testing, we basically set the global benchmark. A liver organoid made in Europe could then be used directly for a toxicity screen in China without repeating all the validation. Third, we need deliberate talent circulation, not a zero-sum competition. Joint PhD programs where a student naturally moves between continents.
The science doesn't care about borders. If we build the shared tools now, China and Europe can show the world a model where shared knowledge beats division.
GT: Recently, some Western media and think tanks are peddling "China Shock 2.0," claiming that China is achieving fast development in high-tech sectors such as renewable energy and AI and relies on foreign markets to absorb its overcapacity, thus reducing the market share of developed countries and sending more serious shock waves to the global economy compared with the era of traditional manufacture industry. What's your comment on this? In your view, does this represent a new pretext for Western protectionism, or is it an unavoidable external misunderstanding amid China's industrial upgrading?

Faiola: I'm a bench scientist, not a political analyst. I stick to what I can see and measure in my own work. So, I'm not going to guess what the media or think tanks intend. I'll just tell you what the facts show me, and from my lab, the "China Shock 2.0" story just doesn't match up.
In my field of stem cell toxicology, the world is desperate for human relevant safety tests to replace animal testing. Tens of thousands of chemicals still don't have proper hazard data. When Chinese labs turn out high throughput organoid platforms at a fraction of the old cost, that's not dumping "overcapacity" into a full market. It's filling a huge shortage. A researcher in Brazil or Kenya suddenly gets access to a toxicity screen that never existed for them before. Demand is skyrocketing, not standing still. Meeting that demand is a service, not a shock.
With AI, it's the same pattern. DeepSeek's efficiency makes it cheaper and easier for biomedical researchers around the world to use these tools. It's helping create new markets, not stealing a fixed pie. Sure, any big shift causes some dislocation. The answer to that is domestic support and transition policies, not blocking technologies that help solve planetary problems.
。不少人特意调整晚餐食谱，多吃菠菜、山药、菌菇、香蕉等高钾食物。

C | 这种网红饮食方式真的靠谱吗?8月24日，极目新闻记者采访了武汉专家。　　高钾晚餐可助眠但并非万能      　　所谓高钾晚餐，就是在晚餐中主动增加高钾食物的摄入，常见食材涵盖深色绿叶菜、薯类、豆类杂粮、菌菇及各类高钾水果。针对网友热议的助眠功效，专家表示该说法具备一定科学依据，并非空穴来风。     　　长江航运总医院·武汉脑科医院肾病风湿免疫科胡敏医师介绍，钾是人体细胞内含量最丰富的电解质，核心作用是维持心肌正常功能、调节人体血压，同时参与神经肌肉调节、神经递质分泌等多项生理活动。夜间人体血压波动、神经肌肉紧张、情绪焦虑紧绷，都是影响睡眠的重要因素。而晚餐适量补钾，能够平稳夜间血压、放松紧绷的神经与肌肉，辅助调节睡眠相关神经递质，进而起到改善睡眠质量的效果。

D |      　　胡敏指出，目前相关研究仅证实晚餐高钾摄入与睡眠改善存在相关性，而非直接因果关系。简单来说，高钾晚餐是辅助改善睡眠的方式，绝非治疗失眠的“良方”，更不能替代药物治疗、规律作息等常规睡眠调节手段，失眠人群切勿盲目依赖该方式。　　高钾饮食减的是水分而非脂肪      　　除了助眠，“高钾晚餐能快速减脂”的说法更是戳中众多减脂人群的需求，成为其火爆出圈的核心原因。

E | 对此，胡敏表示，高钾饮食确实能让体重短期下降，但这种“瘦身效果”存在明显误区，并非真正减脂。     　　胡敏解释，人体体重短期波动，大多与水分潴留相关。钾元素可以有效促进身体排出多余的钠，缓解身体水肿、排出潴留水分，这也是食用高钾食物后体重快速下降的核心原因，减掉的只是水分，并非脂肪。同时，菠菜、山药、豆类等多数高钾食物富含膳食纤维，饱腹感极强，能自然减少全天总热量摄入，且钾可提升人体运动耐力，帮助消耗更多热量。     　　需要明确的是，高钾食物本身不含任何可直接分解脂肪的成分。想要实现真正减脂，依旧需要依靠合理的饮食控制、规律运动。高钾饮食只能作为辅助方式，无法替代科学的减脂方案，盲目跟风单一饮食反而可能影响身体健康。

F | 　　四类人群盲目补钾暗藏健康风险      　　在网络热潮下，不少健康人群跟风坚持高钾晚餐，甚至额外服用补钾制剂。对此，胡敏强调，钾元素摄入讲究“按需补充”，绝大多数健康成年人依靠日常均衡饮食，即可满足身体钾元素需求，无需刻意食补，更不用药补。     　　临床中仅四类人群适合在专业指导下适当补钾：确诊低钾血症患者;严重腹泻呕吐、长期服用排钾利尿剂等钾流失过多人群;高温作业、高强度运动等钾消耗增加人群;长期厌食、节食、挑食且肾功能正常的摄入不足人群。且补钾需遵循科学原则，轻度缺钾、肾功能正常者优先食补，药物补钾必须遵医嘱并监测电解质。     　　与此同时，四类人群严禁盲目补钾，否则会引发严重健康隐患，包括确诊高钾血症患者、急慢性肾功能不全少尿或无尿人群、服用保钾类降压药等药物人群、Addison病患者。

G | 普通人盲目过量补钾，轻则出现手脚麻木、肌肉无力、恶心呕吐等不适，重则引发心律失常、心脏骤停等致命风险，其中肾功能不全人群补钾风险最高，务必杜绝自行进补。     　　胡敏提醒，健康饮食的核心是均衡多样，无需跟风追捧网红饮食。日常三餐合理搭配食材、规律作息、适度运动，才是兼顾睡眠、体重管理与身体健康的根本方式。

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