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Retail sales up 0.7% in September as American consumers defy rising prices, interest_我的网站
A | 8月24日消息，据报道，大众汽车CEO奥博穆在面向员工的内部备忘录中警告称，汽车行业的困境未来几年还会进一步加剧，当前形势“比严峻更严峻”。 大众汽车即将围绕新一轮重组展开数周密集磋商。 NEW YORK -- Americans showed their steadfast resilience and kept spending online, at restaurants and other outlets in September even as they grappled with higher prices, rising interest rates and a host of other headwinds piling up.Retail sales rose 0.7% in September, more than twice what economists had expected, and close to a revised 0.8% bump in August, the Commerce Department reported Tuesday. Retail sales in August were inflated after gasoline prices spiked, however. That was not the case in September when gas prices rose more slowly.A closely watched category of retail sales that excludes auto dealers, gas stations and building materials and feeds into the gross domestic product jumped 0.6% last month compared to the prior month.Tuesday's sales figures aren't adjusted for inflation, but the cost of goods barely rose last month, so the increased spending isn't a reflection of higher prices. Prices for durable goods, such as those sold by appliance and electronics stores, actually fell last month.The government’s monthly retail sales report offers only a partial look at consumer spending; it doesn’t include many services, including health care, travel and hotel lodging. But it does cover spending at restaurants, which had a solid 0.9% increase. Spending online rose 1.1% last month, according to the report. Sales at general merchandise stores rose 0.4%. Sales at home furnishings and furniture stores were flat, while electronics stores and outlets that sell building materials saw declines reflecting a difficult housing market. The retail sales report, which reflects the sixth consecutive monthly gain, reinforces the fact that American consumers, as a whole, are showing no signs of pulling back on their spending, which powers most of the economy. That spending comes despite attempts by the Federal Reserve to cool spending and hiring. That's good news heading into the critical holiday shopping season. But the robust sales report also means that the Fed officials could leave the door open for additional rate hikes. That means that shoppers could face higher interest rates for awhile.“If the cost-of-living crisis has hit consumer confidence, you wouldn’t know it judging by a second month of strong retail sales with the consumer buying everything that wasn’t nailed down,” said Christopher S. Rupkey, chief economist at FWDBONDS LLC, a financial markets research company. “Fed officials have another rate hike this year up on their forecast board, and they will need to use it, if the economic data continues to surprise economists on the upside.” Still, questions remain whether shoppers will finally buckle under more bad news piling up from federal budget wrangling, the resumption of student loan repayments, and new global tensions tied to the Oct. 7 surprise attack by Hamas in Israel. The moratorium on student loan payments lifted Oct. 1. Analysts say that shoppers could also become rattled if the Israel-Hamas war is not contained.Moreover, the relentless spending by shoppers also comes at a cost to their household finances.“We have repeatedly under-estimated the U.S. consumer, “ said Tim Quinlan, a senior economist at Wells Fargo Economics. ”But in pulling off this spending spree, consumers have dented their household finances, a theme that is evident not only in the diminished savings, but also the trend rise in credit card delinquencies.”Healthy consumer spending is expected to lift the economy's growth rate to about 3.5% or possibly even higher in the July-September quarter. September's strong sales also suggests the economy may not slow as much in the final three months of the year as previously expected, analysts said. The retail sales report came as businesses across the U.S. economy ramped up hiring in September, defying surging interest rates, and the ongoing threat of a government shutdown. The strength of hiring has surprised economists inside and outside of the Fed. Consumer prices rose 0.4% from August to September, below the previous month’s 0.6% pace. The report from the Labor Department also showed that year-over-year inflation was flat last month from a 3.7% rise in August.Meanwhile, retailers are pulling out discounts and other incentives to get shoppers to open their wallets for the holiday season as they worry about shoppers' finances. Best Buy, the nation's largest consumer electronics retailer, unveiled a new experience that gives shoppers a chance to access some of the biggest deals and cool gadgets of the holiday season. The items, which kicked off late last month, are only available in limited quantities and exclusively through the Best Buy app. ——————AP Economics Writer Christopher Rugaber contributed to this report from Washington.——————Follow Anne D’Innocenzio: http://twitter.com/ADInnocenzio。奥博穆认为，公司必须大幅削减成本，才能维持自身作为欧洲最大车企的竞争力和财务稳定性。目前大众正推进公司史上规模最大的重组，潜在措施包括再削减5万个岗位以及拆分部分业务部门。 奥博穆在备忘录中强调：“目前不足4%的利润率在现有环境下尚算稳健，但长期来看，远不足以为新技术、新产品以及生产基地投入提供充足资金。” 大众汽车正同时承受多重压力。中国市场方面，大众在华销量较2019年下降约三分之一，今年第二季度中国市场销量下滑近三成，利润持续走低。
B | 中国车企加快进军欧洲市场，进一步挤压大众本土份额。美国进口关税不断增加成本，欧洲地区长期存在的高成本产能过剩问题进一步加重经营压力。 财报数据显示，大众汽车集团2026年上半年全球销量399.7万辆，同比下降8.4%；营业利润59亿欧元，同比下降11.6%；税后利润31亿欧元，同比下降30.7%；利润率由4.2%降至3.8%。 其中大众乘用车品牌利润率仅约2.4%，斯柯达达到8.5%，中国市场成为主要拖累项。 据知情人士透露，大众汽车监事会将于9月4日再次开会，继续讨论重整方案。
C | 大众汽车集团尚未正式确定新增裁员规模。今年3月，大众已宣布计划到2030年在德国削减约5万个岗位，其中约3.5万个涉及乘用车品牌。 6月有消息称大众正考虑将裁员规模扩大至10万人，并关闭4家德国工厂。 关于裁员规模，奥博穆解释称：“外界经常提到的全球约5万个岗位，并不是一个固定目标。这一数字是按照大众汽车与竞争对手相比需要达到的成本目标推算出来的，主要用于说明需要采取多大规模的行动。”
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